1. What is software testing and why is it important?
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The process of determining whether a software application functions as intended and satisfies all user requirements is known as the software testing. The main aim is to find bugs, errors or issues before the software is used by real users. It plays a key role in making the software reliable, high-quality and user-friendly by reducing the chance of failure in real-time use.
2. How are verification and validation different in testing?
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The process of determining whether a software application functions as intended and satisfies all user requirements is known as software testing. Alternatively, validation ensures that the final product satisfies customer demands and functions as planned. Simply put, verification asks, “Are we building it right?” while validation asks, “Are we building the right thing?”
3. What are the main levels of testing in software development?
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There are four major testing levels. Unit testing checks small parts like functions or methods. Integration testing ensures modules work together properly. System testing reviews the entire application to see if it meets requirements. Acceptance testing checks if the final product is ready for release and meets business needs.
4. What is meant by Software Testing Life Cycle?
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A systematic approach to software product testing is the Software Testing Life Cycle. It includes stages like analyzing requirements, planning the tests, writing test cases, setting up the test environment, running the tests and closing the testing process. Each phase helps make testing clear organized and effective.
5. How does black-box testing differ from white-box testing?
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Black-box testing checks if the software behaves correctly without knowing how it works inside. Testers focus on inputs and expected results. White-box testing, however, looks into the code, logic and internal structure. It’s usually done by developers to test how the system handles different paths and logic flows.
6. What is test case prioritization?
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Test case prioritization is about arranging test cases so that the most important ones are run first. These may include tests for critical features, high-risk areas or parts that are more likely to fail. This method helps testers find major problems early and use their time more wisely.
7. What is regression testing and when do we use it?
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Regression testing is done after any change in the software, such as fixing bugs or adding features. Its goal is to check that older functions still work and no new problems have been introduced. It helps with keeping the software stable overall.
8. How is functional testing different from non-functional testing?
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Functional testing verifies that the program performs its intended tasks, such as submitting forms or logging in. Non-functional testing looks at how the software performs, including speed, user experience and security. One checks the features, the other checks the quality of those features.
9. What is a test plan and what are its key parts?
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A document that describes the process for testing a software product is called a test plan. It includes testing goals, what will be tested, tools and resources needed, test schedule, roles and potential risks. It helps the testing team stay on track and aligned throughout the project.
10. What is boundary value analysis in testing?
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Boundary Value Analysis (BVA) is a testing method that focuses on the edge values of input ranges. Since bugs often appear at the limits, like the smallest or largest allowed number, BVA helps testers find those problems early by testing these critical points.
