Understanding ROI ROI Calculation and Formula ROI in Business Decision-Making ROI vs Internal Rate of Return (IRR) ROI in Marketing and Projects ROI in Real Estate and Startups Time-adjusted ROI ROI Limitations Conclusion Understanding ROI Return on Investment (ROI) is one of the most widely used financial metrics, measuring the gain or...

Definition and Concept of Investment Objectives of Investment Types of Investment (Physical & Financial) Short-term vs Long term Investments Risk and Return Tradeoff Time Value of Money Investment Strategies Factors Influencing Investment Decisions Common Investment Instruments Conclusion Definition and Concept of...

Definition and Purpose of IPO IPO Process and Timeline Role of Underwriters Draft Red Herring Prospectus (DRHP) Pricing Mechanism (Book Building vs Fixed Price) Allotment Process Listing and Trading of Shares IPO vs Private Placement Conclusion Definition and Purpose of IPO An IPO marks a key milestone in a company’s lifecycle opening...

What is FDI? Types of FDI (Horizontal, Vertical, Conglomerate) Benefits to Host Country Role in Economic Development Sectoral Trends in FDI Regulatory Bodies (FEMA, RBI, DPIIT) FDI vs FPI Routes of FDI (Automatic vs Government Route) Conclusion What is FDI? Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) occurs when a company or individual from one...

Introduction to Foreign Investment Benefits to Host Country Types of Foreign Investors Sector-wise Investment Trends Regulatory Framework in India FEMA and RBI Guidelines Taxation for Foreign Investors Risk Factors in Foreign Investment Bilateral Investment Treaties Economic Impact Assessment Future Trends in Global Capital...

What is Book Building? Process of Book Building in IPOs Role of Investment Bankers Price Band and Floor Price Bidding Process Explained Allotment and Oversubscription Benefits of Book Building Institutional vs Retail Participation Risks and Criticisms Global Practices in Book Building Conclusion What is Book...

Introduction to Investment Multiplier Keynesian Theory and Multiplier Effect Formula of Investment Multiplier Role in National Income Marginal Propensity to Consume (MPC) Leakages and Limitations Multiplier in a Closed Economy Government Expenditure and Multiplier Dynamic vs Static Multiplier Conclusion Introduction to Investment...

Definition of Portfolio Investment Portfolio Construction Types Risk Tolerance and Investment Goals Asset Allocation Strategies Diversification Principles Active vs Passive Management Role of Mutual Funds and ETFs Portfolio Performance Evaluation Conclusion Definition of Portfolio Investment Portfolio investment refers to the purchase of...

Introduction to Financial Securities Equity Securities Debt Securities Derivatives Options Futures Structured Products Hybrid Instruments Legal and Regulatory Environment Issuance and Trading Valuation of Securities Role in Portfolio Management Risks Associated with Securities Conclusion Introduction to Financial...

Definition and Structure Types of Mutual Funds NAV and Units Explained How Mutual Funds Work Active vs Passive Funds Open-End vs Closed-End Funds Fund Manager Roles Expense Ratio and Loads Conclusion Definition and Structure A mutual fund is a professionally managed investment vehicle that pools money from multiple investors to purchase...