Best Application Packaging and Virtualization Interview Questions

Last updated on 10th Nov 2021, Blog, Interview Questions

As application virtualization is a user centric model, it allows the users to supply the applications wherever they are. It is considered as another deployment application and any organization is a need for this virtualization. So, wisdom jobs provides all the job seekers with advanced Application virtualization interview questions that helps them to acquire knowledge on the questions that are being asked by the company, and also helps in achieving their dream job as an application virtualization developer.

1. What Are The Types Of Sequencing?

Ans:

There are 2 kinds of sequencing:

• MNT Sequencing
• VFS Sequencing

2. Mention the Features of the application packaging?

Ans:

• Installation and management of assemblies
• Configure Merge Modules
• Isolation of program information
• Enhancement of operating system features
• Application compatibility infrastructure
• Digital signature support
• supports for Transforms and Patches from URL resources
• Improved terminal server support
• enhanced logging
• Application compatibility

3. What is MSI? Advantages of MSI?

Ans:

MSI => Microsoft Installer. It is an installation, in the form of a single file. It is actually a Database that contains several tables (80+) each of this table contains instructions and set-up information

• Self Healing
• Roll Back
• Install on Demand
• Advertisement
• Source resiliency

4. What is component?

Ans:

Collection of resources that are always installed or removed as a unit from a user system like files and folders and registries

5. What are the component Rules?

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• every component have unique GUI
• Every Component Should have a key path
• HKLM&HKCU registries are not present in the same component
• .exe, .dll, ocx files should not present in the same component
• Two components can’t install in the same resource
• all resources of a component must install same directory

6. What are the ODBC Related tables

Ans:

• ODBC Data Source Table
• ODBC Driver Table
• ODBC Translator Table
• ODBC Attribute Table
• ODBC Source Attribute Table

7. What are the Phases of MSI installation?

Ans:

Acquisition: The Installer installs the feature and then progresses through the action specified in the sequence tables of the installation database. This action query the installation database and generates a script that gives a step by step procedure for performing the installation .

Execution: Install passes the information to process with elevated privileges and run the script.

Rollback: If an installation unsuccessful. The installer restores the original state of the computer it generates the rollback script simultaneously to the script . installer saves a copy of every file it deletes during the installation these files are kept in hidden system directory. Once installation is completed the rollback script and the saved files are deleted.

8. What is Config.msi folder?

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Rollback script files are stored in the config.msi location. After completion of installation this folder gets deleted.

9. How does ADDLOCAL Property works?

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When we give feature name to ADDLOCAL property windows installer adds that feature.

10. Why more than one MSIEXEC run in the task manager while installing the MSI?

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While a MSI getting installed, We see 3-4 MSIEXEC running in task manager, they are MSI server, Client and Services and the 4th one will be seen when a custom action is getting installed

11. What are the Red Components? Why it is appear?

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Red Components is an error component, When components is not satisfied the component rules then we got red component

12. How to resolve the Red components?

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when component satisfies the component rules then only we resolve red components .

13. What are the Merge Modules? Extension of Merge modules?

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Allows companies to prepackage and share standard components definitions, Merge modules are used to deliver shared code, files, resources, registry entries used setup logic to application as a single compound file. Extension of merge modules is .msm.

14. What are the Merge module tables?

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Module Signature, Module Component, Module Dependency, Module Exclusion, Module Admin UI Sequence, Module Ignore, Module Sub Situation, Module Configuration.

15.What is preferred ALLUSERS=0 or 1 or 2?

Ans:

ALLUSERS=1, For best practice.

16. What is permanent component?

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If we set component as permanent none of the component data are removed from the target, When we un-install the component features.

17. What is Source list property?

Ans:

• Semi column-decimated list of network or URL source paths to the applications installation package.
• This list is appended to the end of each users existing source list for the applications.
• per user installation: HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Installer\Products\Source List.

18. Difference between MSI and MSM?

Ans:

MSI	MSM
MSI: Include multiple application allowing you to install a suite of applications in a single step. in this case , the installer should include merge modules for all components used any of the included application	MSM: Full format name of files that use MSM extension is Windows Installer Merge Module. Windows Installer Merge Module specification was created by Microsoft. MSM files are supported by software applications available for devices running Windows.

19. What is .ini file and its format?

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20. What is Upgrade? Explain different type of upgrades?

Ans:

Just we can add patches or Hot fix or Quick Fixes engineering. add a few files possibly add some new content. But there is a limitation for the change that can made to the feature component structure for the package. Only the package code has been changed.

Minor Update: There is limitation for Changes, that change can be made to the feature-component structure for the package. The package code and product version is changed It is also called as “service pack”.

Major Update: There is no limitation for changes, That change can be made feature-component structure for the package The product code, product version and package code also changed.

21. What is structure of a MSI?

Ans:

• > Product (Collection of Features)
• features (Collections of Components)
• components (Collection of files and Registries)

22. What is transform?

Ans:

A transform is a windows installer file with extension(.MST). It should be used along with a MSI to customize or Change the installation package without modifying the MSI. The installer can only applytransforms during installation Syntax: msiexec /i “path of the MSI” transforms=”Path of the MST” /Switches.

23. How to repackage App-V packaging format?

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24. What is Patch?

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Patch is Streaming process for updating earlier versions of a windows installer setup package i.e when you update only files that already exist in your installation package. Only the Package Code is changed.

25. What is File Association?

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The windows Operating System recognizes file types and associates them with programs based on their files extension. A file that carries no extension or no associated program is called Orphaned.

26. What is Shortcuts & types?

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Shortcuts are the entry points to the application installed on the system which is normally points to a file

• Advertised : File Should be installed by the application
• Non – Advertised : File that is not part of installation. It is called command line shortcuts

27. What is Custom action?

Ans:

The Microsoft Windows Installer provides many built- in actions for performing the installation process. For some cases the developer writes an action to execute his own installation is called Custom Actions.

28. What are the steps of Repackaging?

Ans:

We Have World Wide Re-Packaging Steps :

1. Review the packaging requirements (User Requirement Review)

2. Analyze the vendor package (Tech Review)

3. Repackage the application (Setup capture)

4. Customize the package (Scripting)

5. Test the package (Testing & UAT)

6. Release the package to end users (Deployment)

29.What is Windows Installer?

Ans:

Windows Installer (previously known as Microsoft Installer) is a built-in Operating System service for Installing and Managing Applications. It provides a standard method for developing, customizing, installing and updating applications.

It is an engine for the installation, maintenance, and removal of software on modern Microsoft Windows systems. The installation information, and often the files themselves, are packaged in installation packages, loosely relational databases structured as OLE COM Structured Storages and commonly known as “MSI files”, from their default file extension. Windows Installer contains significant changes from its predecessor, Setup API. New features include a GUI framework and automatic generation of the uninstallation sequence.

It is positioned as an alternative to stand-alone executable installer frameworks such as older versions of Install-Shield and Wise Package Studio (later versions of both supports Windows Installer) and NSIS.

30. What are the Benefits of the Windows Installer?

Ans:

• Advertising
• Installation on Demand
• Repair (Self-healing)
• Rollback (Transactional operations)
• Managed Shared Resources
• Installation in locked-down environments

31. What Is Active Upgrade?

Ans:

The process of upgrading the current version while the current version is still in use. Create the update package for the current version using the Sequencer and copy the updated package in the Content Share, the package will get updated when the application is launched or the App V Client is refreshed depending on the prototype you used for streaming.

32. What Is Dsc?

Ans:

DSC is Dynamic Suite Composition, is the feature provides the ability to have a new layer of interoperability, virtualized applications dependencies, where one App-V package depends on and interacts with another App-V package.

33. What provides an example of two conflicting installed applications?

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34. How To Do Dsc?

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• Manually editing the OSD file
• Using Microsoft DSU Tool

35. What Is App-v Sequencing?

Ans:

The process of creating a virtualized package using App-V sequencer is known as App-V sequencing. The Microsoft Application Virtualization (or App-V) Sequencer is a component of the App-V suite used to package your applications to be deployed to systems using the App-V client. Properly sequencing applications is the key to a successful App-V implementation.

36. What Are The Protocols Supported For Streaming?

Ans:

• RTSP
• RTSPS
• FILE
• HTTP
• HTTPS‎

37. What Is The Difference Of Suite And Dynamic Suite?

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Suite is a whole package block where as dynamic suite is getting the visibility of a pre-req package via dynamic suite composition.

38. What Is The Difference Between Update And Active Upgrade?

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Parameters of Comparison	Update	Upgrade
Definition	To make and keep something up to date.	To raise something to a higher standard by adding or replacing few components.
Frequency of Occurrence	Occurs frequently	Comparatively less
What Does it Do	Modifies the present software	Replaces the older version with a new one
Importance	Revises your device, repairs security loopholes, removes computer bugs, etc.	Access emerging technology with new features to support industry, etc.
Charges	Usually free of cost.	Generally has charges

39. Define The Normal Upgrade Process?

Ans:

Open the sprj file with open for upgrade option with the sequencer. Do the modifications and increment the release version and do save as.

40. Explain the types of conditions in the Custom Actions?

Ans:

• Not installed- During the installation process only
• Remove- This is used during the un-installation process
• Not Remove- This is used during both installation and Uninstallation

41. What is the process for every Application Packaging Requirement?

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42. Explain memory and storage virtualization?

Ans:

Memory virtualization is the process of creating a memory pool by aggregating the resources of RAM. Storage virtualization is the method of extracting a logical storage from physical storage. A computer program, a Virtual disk drive, follows an optical disk drive or a hard disk drive in virtualized setup.

43. Explain VM ware DRS?

Ans:

VM ware DRS is a distributed resource scheduler that balances the resources of a resource pool. It also configures the various rules and policies followed by a VM machine for resource deployment and prioritization of the same.

44. What is QEMU?

Ans:

It is a virtualized and emulator that runs programs and OS that is made for one machine on a different machine during the process of machine emulation. It can achieve very good performance by using dynamic translation.

45. What is a Zone data collector?

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Data collector stores all the dynamic information like session, load & published applications in the servers in their zones and communicates the zone information to other data collectors in other farm zones. The data collector is a Citrix presentation server whose IMA service takes on the additional role of tracking all of the dynamic information other presentation servers’ dynamic information.

46.Specify the key components of VM infrastructure?

Ans:

This is the most popular Virtualization Interview Questions asked in an interview.

• Databases maintained by database servers.
• Web browsers
• The virtual center server tracks VM images.
• VM client

47. Explain Farm and zone in Citrix?

Ans:

These are the common Virtualization Interview Questions asked in an interview. The farm allows multiple servers consisting of multiple applications that further provide reachability to multiple users, which can be considered a single unit. So this allows the administrator to be much easier.

Zones are a subset of Farm. It is a grouping of presentation server that shares common data collector. Zones are very helpful in controlling traffic.

48. What is registry in application packaging?

Ans:

The registry stores all kinds of information, including the following: • Application information such as company name, product name, and version number. • Path information that enables your application to run.

49. What are the types of application package?

Ans:

• Word processing packages e.g. MS WORD.
• Spreadsheet packages e.g. MS EXCEL.
• Database Management System e.g. MS ACCESS.
• Graphics packages e.g. COREL DRAWS.
• Presentation packages e.g. MS POWERPOINT.
• Anti-virus packages e.g. NORTON,AVAST.

50. What are the 5 examples of application packages and their uses?

Ans:

Word processors, spreadsheets, databases, graphics and presentation software are all examples of application packages.

51. What are the 3 types of software?

Ans:

Software is used to control a computer. There are different types of software that can run on a computer:

• System software
• Utility software
• Application software.

52. What are the uses of package programs?

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The term “software package” has multiple uses in IT. Its most common use is to refer to multiple software programs bundled together and sold as a set. There is also the use of “software package” to describe a set of software that fulfills a particular function, for example, installation on the desktop.

53. What is difference between software and application?

Ans:

Software	Application
Software is a set of instructions or data that operates the hardware. Application is a package to perform a specific task.	Application is a type of software that does a certain task. Software may executable or may not be.

54. Why are packaged applications very popularly used?

Ans:

Packaged Software System Benefits and Challenges Packaged systems are powerful tools for creating efficiency in business processes. These systems are highly popular due to their ability to provide improvements in operational efficiency

55. What are the two main types of application software?

Ans:

General purpose applications and custom software are the two major types of application software. General purpose applications, which are sometimes referred to as off-the-shelf applications, are designed as fully-featured packages while custom software is tailor-made for a client’s specific needs

56. What is application software with example?

Ans:

For example, Microsoft Word or Excel are application software, as are common web browsers such as Firefox or Google Chrome. It also includes the category of mobile apps, including communication apps such as WhatsApp or games such as Candy Crush Saga.

57. What are the different types of application software?

Ans:

• Word processors.
• Graphics software.
• Database software.
• Spreadsheet software.
• Presentation software.
• Web browsers.
• Enterprise software.
• Information worker software.

58. What is another name for application software?

Ans:

Applications software (also called end-user programs) include such things as database programs, word processors, Web browsers and spreadsheets.

59.What is the procedure of a virtual application?

60. What is the difference between application and package?

Ans:

First, applications are primarily designed for user deployments, while packages are primarily designed for device deployments. You can still use packages for user deployments and applications for device deployments – the settings in each type are just more geared for one versus the other

61. What is the difference between packaged and tailored software?

Ans:

Package software	Tailored Software
Package software is developed by computer technicians. modified or changed if there is need because these software are custom-built.	Tailored software is the software that is developed as per the specifications and requirements of the users.

62. Why is application software required?

Ans:

“Application software” or “software applications” (or apps) help the end users perform single or multiple tasks. … ERP is enterprise software that integrates all the operations and functions of an organization. Office Suite refers to a collection of software programs that can interact with each other

63. What does an application service provider do?

Ans:

An application service provider (ASP) is defined as an enterprise that delivers application functionality and associated services across a network to multiple customers using a rental or usage-based transaction-pricing model.

64. What are the types of software packages?

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• Operating system or operating system (OS)
• Business Software packages and Office Automation (KA)
• Entertainment (Games) software packages.
• Security (software) software packages.

65.What is application packaging basics?

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Application packaging is a process of binding the relevant files and components to build a customized application for a customer. Using tools like Wise Package Studio and Install Shield we carry out the whole process of packaging.

66. What is application level virtualization?

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Application virtualization or app virtualization is technology that allows users to access and use an application from a separate computer than the one on which the application is installed. For the user, the experience of the virtualized app is the same as using the installed app on a physical machine.

67. How storage is virtualized in an application virtualization?

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Storage virtualization creates a layer of abstraction between the operating system and the physical disks used for data storage. … The creation of logical space allows a virtualization platform to present storage volumes that can be created and changed with little regard for the underlying disks.

68. Which product provides an application virtualization solution?

Ans:

VMware Desktop & App Virtualization Products Provide access to virtual desktops and applications, creating a digital workspace to keep end users connected and productive anywhere they work.

69. How is virtualization used to create network systems?

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Network virtualization works by combining the available resources in a network and splitting up the available bandwidth into channels, each of which is independent from the others and each of which can be assigned (or reassigned) to a particular server or device in real time.

70. What are two types of virtualization in cloud computing?

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• Server Virtualization.
• Application Virtualization.
• Network Virtualization.
• Desktop Virtualization.
• Storage Virtualization.

71.Explain the overview of Full Virtualization

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72. What is paravirtualization and full virtualization?

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Full virtualization is a common and cost-effective type of virtualization in which computer service requests are separated from the physical hardware that facilitates them while paravirtualization is an enhancement of virtualization technology

73. How do you implement virtualization?

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74. How many levels of virtualization implementation are present?

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The Five Levels of Implementing Virtualization. Virtualization is not that easy to implement. A computer runs an OS that is configured to that particular hardware.

75. What is the difference between hypervisor and VMM?

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A type I VMM is one that runs directly on the hardware without the need of a hosting operating system. Type I VMMs are also known as ‘hypervisors’ – so the only true difference between a VMM and a hypervisor is where it runs. The functionality provided by both is equitable.

76. Where is virtualization used?

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Storage virtualization is commonly used in storage area networks. Server virtualization is the masking of server resources — including the number and identity of individual physical servers, processors and operating systems — from server users.

77. Who invented virtualization?

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Few people are more aware of virtualization’s long history than Jim Rymarczyk, who joined IBM as a programmer in the 1960s just as the mainframe giant was inventing virtualization.

78. When was virtualization first used?

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While virtualization technology can be sourced back to the 1960s, it wasn’t widely adopted until the early 2000s. The technologies that enabled virtualization—like hypervisors—were developed decades ago to give multiple users simultaneous access to computers that performed batch processing.

79. What is virtualization PPT?

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Virtualization is a Technology that transforms hardware into software. Virtualization allows to run multiple operating systems as virtual machines. Each copy of an operating system is installed in to a virtual machine.

80. What is virtualization structure?

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81. What is VMware full virtualization?.

Ans:

VMware achieves full virtualization by providing virtual representation of memory and I/O devices. Memory virtualization constitutes another challenge of virtualized environments and can deeply impact performance without the appropriate hardware support.

82. Why binary translation is used in virtualization?

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Binary translation is a system virtualization technique. The sensitive instructions in the binary of Guest OS are replaced by either Hypervisor calls which safely handle such sensitive instructions or by some undefined opcodes which result in a CPU trap. … Binary translation is a technique to overcome this limitation.

83. What is direct execution in virtualization?

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Full Virtualization (direct execution) — Exact simulation of the actual hardware exposed to OS, which typically consists of a guest operating system, to run unmodified.

84. What is partial virtualization?

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Partial virtualization is the utilization of the product uncommonly composed by VMWARE which partitions the servers into virtual servers with particular server having their own different imitation of the OS.

85. What is full Para and partial virtualization?

Ans:

Para Virtualization	Full Virtualization
In paravirtualization, guest OS is not completely isolated but it is partially isolated by the virtual machine from the virtualization layer and hardware.	In Full virtualization, virtual machine permit the execution of the instructions with running of unmodified OS in an entire isolated way.

86. How is virtualization implemented?

Ans:

At the operating system level, the virtualization model creates an abstract layer between the applications and the OS. It is like an isolated container on the physical server and operating system that utilizes hardware and software. Each of these containers functions like servers.

87. What are virtualization tools?

Ans:

Virtualization uses software to create an abstraction layer over computer hardware that allows the hardware elements of a single computer—processors, memory, storage and more—to be divided into multiple virtual computers, commonly called virtual machines (VMs).

88. Which software is mostly used for virtualization?

Ans:

VMware Fusion, Parallels Desktop, Oracle VM Virtual Box and VMware Workstation are the top four software that is really good for virtualization. Oracle VM Virtual Box gives you really nice features at a free of cost. It can also be used on Mac, Windows, Linux, and Solaris

89. What are virtualization techniques?

Ans:

Virtualization is a technique of how to separate a service from the underlying physical delivery of that service. It is the process of creating a virtual version of something like computer hardware. It was initially developed during the mainframe era.

90. What company is the leader in virtualization?

Ans:

VMware and Microsoft are the top virtualization leaders, according to Gartner. Gartner’s Magic Quadrant for x86 server virtualization puts VMware and Microsoft as leaders.

91. What are the types of full virtualization systems?

Ans:

• Operating System.
• Hypervisors.
• Paravirtualization.
• Virtual Machine.
• Federal Information System.
• Guest Operating System.

92. Explain the Server Virtualization?

Ans: